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Computer Miami Networking

Networks require software to control the flow of information between users. A Network Operating System, or NOS, is installed onto each computer that will be attached to the network. The NOS is like a traffic cop that monitors the exchange and flow of files, electronic mail, and other network information. Network Operating Systems are classified according to whether they are Peer-to-Peer or Client-Server. Listed below are the descriptions, pro's and con's of each type of network.

Server-Based Networks


Pro'sCon's
Easily managed security policyFiles are not accessible if the server goes down
Files are centrally locatedHackers target the server as a central point to gain full access of a network
Files are easy to backupNetwork servers can be expensive


The idea of this is to store files on a server. All other machines (clients) on a network access files from the server. Using a server-based network is also used because it is an efficient way to offer other services to clients such as firewall protection, DHCP, etc.

Peer-to-Peer Networks


Pro'sCon's
No server needed, equipment is cheapSecurity Policy can be hard to control
Network traffic is distributed among clientsBackup is challenging
Files are scattered across different machines


Topology Structures

The diagrams below show star, ring, and mesh topologies. I will not cover bus topology because it is VERY rarely used. Remember that large networks often use a combination of these topologies depending on certain needs or projects. Peer-to-Peer has become popular among file sharing networks like Edonkey, WinMX and BitTorrent.

 Image


The server-based network using a star topology is the most common. As you can see, the server has a high speed connection to a switch that feeds the client machines. Servers are designed to accommodate high traffic loads from clients. Although it is not shown in the diagram, servers are always protected using a firewall.

 Image


In a peer-to-peer (p2p) network, all files are shared among existing machine. There is no server, so all machines must sustain traffic loads from other clients. Bottle necking and network saturation are common problems among p2p networks. This is often helped with the use of software that offers bandwidth throttling to control the amount of bandwidth in and out of each machine.

 Image

As you can see in the mesh network, each machine has multiple connections with other machines. This is commonly used in large networks connect routers using the BGP protocol. Using a mesh topology increases the uptime of the network because every machine has another path for data if one or even two links goes down. This type of network is expensive and certain devices are not capable of this type of topology.

 Image


The ring topology is also commonly used to connect routers. Unlike the star, mesh, or p2p networks data is sent around the ring in a "round-robin" fashion. Rings can be configured in several different modes. While some rings only provide 1 physical wire connecting all machines, other rings can be configured with multiple wires to provide alternate paths in the event one wire goes down. This is called "self-healing" and is used in SONET networks.

Note: Miami Computer Repair .net can help you decide what type of network is best for you, implement it, and assist your employees!
 
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